References to the fact sheets

  1. Due, P., Holstein, B. E., Lynch, J., Diderichesen, F., Gabhain, S. N., Scheidt, P., Currie, C., & The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Bullying Working Group. (2005). Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: International comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries. European Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 128-132.
  2. Peterson, J. S., & Ray, K. E. (2006). Bullying and the gifted: Victims, perpetrators, prevalence, and effects. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(2), 148-168.
  3. Scheithauer, H., Hayer, T., Petermann, F., & Jugert, G. (2006). Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: Age trends, gender differences, and correlates. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 261-275.
  4. Agatston, P. W.,Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2007). Electronic bullying among middle school students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S22-S30.
  5. Mitchell, K. J., Ybarra, M., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). The relative importance of online victimization in understanding depression, delinquency, and substance use. Child Maltreatment, 12, 314-324.
  6. Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4, 148-169.
  7. Li, Q. (2007b). New bottle but old wine: A research of cyberbullying in schools. Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1777-1791.
  8. Li, Q. (2006). Cyberbullying in schools: A research of gender differences. School Psychology International, 27, 157-170.
  9. Li, Q. (2007a). Bullying in the new playground: Research into cyberbullying and cyber victimization. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 23, 435-454.
  10. Ybarra, M. L., Diener-West, M., & Leaf, P. J. (2007). Examining the overlap in internet harassment and school bullying: Implications for school intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, 42-50.
  11. Ybarra, M. L., Espelage, D. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2007). The co-occurence of internet harassment and unwanted sexual solicitation victimization and perpetration: Associations with psychosocial indicators. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S31-S41.
  12. Ybarra, M. L. Mitchell, K. J. (2004). Youth engaging in online harassment: associations with caregiver-child relationships, Internet use, and personal characteristics. Journal of Adolescence. 27, 319-36.
  13. Ybarra, M. L., Mitchell, K. J., Wolak, J., & Finkelhor, D. (2006). Examining characteristics and associated distress related to Internet harassment: findings from the Second Youth Internet Safety Survey. Pediatrics, 118, e1169-77.
  14. Currie C. et al., (Eds.) (2008). Inequalities in young people's health: HBSC international report from the 2005/2006 Survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No. 5. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe.
  15. United Nations. (1989, November). The convention on the rights of the child UNCRC.
  16. Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell.
  17. http://prevnet.ca/Bullying/tabid/94/Default.aspx
  18. Pepler, D. J., Craig, W. M., Connolly, J. A., Yuile, A., McMaster, L., & Jiang, D. (2006). A developmental perspective on bullying. Aggressive Behaviour, 32, 376-384.
  19. Sutton, J., Smith, P. K., & Swettenham, J. (1999). Social cognition and bullying: Social inadequacy or skilled manipulation? British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17,435-450.
  20. Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., & Kaukiainen, A. (1996). Bullying as a group process: Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group. Aggressive Behavior, 24, 205-218.
  21. Pepler, D., Craig, W., Connolly, J., & Henderson, K. (2002). Bullying, sexual harassment, dating violence, and substance use among adolescents. In C. Wekerle, & A. M. Wall (Eds.), The violence and addiction equation: Theoretical and clinical issues in substance abuse and relationship violence. (153-168) Brunner/Mazel: Philadelphia.
  22. Bauman, S., & Del Rio, A. (2006). Preservice teachers' responses to bullying scenarios: Comparing physical, verbal, and relational bullying. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 219-231.
  23. Espelage, D. L., Bosworth, K., Simon, T. R. (2000). Examining the social context of bullying behaviors in early adolescence. Journal of Counselling Development, 78, 326-33.
  24. Gage, J. C., Overpeck, M. D., Nansel, T. R., Kogan, M. D. (2005). Peer activity in the evenings and participation in aggressive and problem behaviors. Journal of Adolescent Health 37, 517.
  25. Haynie, D. L., Nansel, T., Eitel, P. (2001). Bullies, victims, and bully/victims: Distinct groups of at-risk youth. Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 29-49.
  26. Pepler, D. J. (2006). Bullying interventions: A binocular perspective. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 15, 16-20.
  27. Salmivalli, C., Kaukiainen, A., & Voeten, M. (2005). Anti-bullying intervention: Implementation and outcome. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 465-487.
  28. Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., & Barker, W. F. (2006). Middle school students' preferences for anti-bullying interventions. School Psychology International, 27(4), 475-487.
  29. Pepler, D., Smith, P. K., & Rigby, K. (2004). Looking back and looking forward: Implications for making interventions work effectively. In P. K. Smith, D. Pepler, & K. Rigby (Eds.), Bullying in Schools: How successful can interventions be? (pp. 307-324). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  30. Bauman, S., & Del Rio, A. (2006). Preservice teachers' responses to bullying scenarios: Comparing physical, verbal, and relational bullying. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 219-231.
  31. Salmivalli, C., Kaukiainen, A., & Voeten, M. (2005). Anti-bullying intervention: Implementation and outcome. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 465-487.
  32. Alsaker, F. (2004). Bermese programme against victimisation in kindergarten and elementary schools. In P. K. Smith, D. Pepler, & K. Rigby (Eds.), Bullying in Schools: How successful can interventions be? (pp. 289-306). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  33. Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell.
  34. Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell.
  35. Sutton, J., Smith, P. K., & Swettenham, J. (1999). Social cognition and bullying: Social inadequacy or skilled manipulation? British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17,435-450.
  36. Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell.
  37. Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., & Kaukiainen, A. (1996). Bullying as a group process: Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group. Aggressive Behavior, 24, 205-218.
  38. Currie C. et al., (Eds.) (2008). Inequalities in young people's health: HBSC international report from the 2005/2006 Survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No. 5. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe.
  39. Nansel, T.R. Craig, W., Overpeck, M. D., Saluja, G., Ruan, W. J., & Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Bullying Analyses Working Group. (2004). Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment. Archives of Pediatrics, & Adolescent Medicine. 158, 730-6.
  40. Due, P., Holstein, B. E., Lynch, J., Diderichesen, F., Gabhain, S. N., Scheidt, P., Currie, C., & The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Bullying Working Group. (2005). Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: International comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries. European Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 128-132.
  41. Scheithauer, H., Hayer, T., Petermann, F., & Jugert, G. (2006). Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: Age trends, gender differences, and correlates. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 261-275.
  42. Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4, 148-169.
  43. Whitted, K. S., & Dupper, D. R. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children and Schools, 27, 167-174.
  44. Pepler, D., McKenney, K. S., Craig, W., & Connolly, J. (2006). Bullying: The Risks for Ethnic Minority Youth. Symposium presented at the Society for Research on Adolescence Conference, San Francisco.
  45. Williams, T. S., Connolly, J., Pepler, D., & Craig, W. (2003). Questioning and bisexual adolescents: High school experiences of bullying, sexual harassment, and physical victimization. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 22(2).
  46. Van Cleave, J., & Davis, M. M. (2006). Bullying and peer victimization among children with special health care needs. Pediatrics, 118(4), e1212-e1219
  47. Archer, J., & Cote, S. (2005). Sex differences in aggressive behavior. In R. E. Tremblay, W. W. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), Developmental origins of aggression (pp. 425–443). New York: Guilford Press. As cited in Stassen Berger, K. (2007). Update on bullying at school: Science forgotten? Developmental Review, 27(1), 90-126.
  48. Espelage, D. L., Meban, S. E., & Swearer, S. M. (2004). Gender differences in bullying: Moving beyond mean level differences. In D. L. Espelage, & S. M. Swearer (Eds.), Bullying in American schools: A social-ecological perspective on prevention and intervention (pp. 15–35). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. As cited in Stassen Berger, K. (2007). Update on bullying at school: Science forgotten? Developmental Review, 27(1), 90-126.
  49. Smith, P.K., Madsen, K. C., & Moody, J. C. (1999). What causes the age decline in reports of being bullied at school? Towards a developmental analysis of risks of being bullied. Educational Research, 41, 267-285. As cited in Peterson, J. S., & Ray, K. E. (2006). Bullying and the gifted: Victims, perpetrators, prevalence, and effects. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(2), 148-168.
  50. Gruber, J. E., & Fineran, S. (2007). The impact of bullying and sexual harassment on middle and high school girls. Violence Against Women, 13(6), 627-643.
  51. Peterson, J. S., & Ray, K. E. (2006). Bullying and the gifted: Victims, perpetrators, prevalence, and effects. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(2), 148-168.
  52. Scheithauer, H., Hayer, T., Petermann, F., & Jugert, G. (2006). Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: Age trends, gender differences, and correlates. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 261-275.
  53. Williams, K. R., & Guerra, N. G. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of internet bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S14-S21.
  54. DeSouza, E. R., & Ribeiro, J. (2005). Bullying and sexual harassment among Brazilian high school students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(9), 1018-1038.
  55. Pepler, D. J., Craig, W. M., Connolly, J. A., Yuile, A., McMaster, L., & Jiang, D. (2006). A developmental perspective on bullying. Aggressive Behavior, 32(4), 376-384.
  56. Dao, T. K., Kerbs, J. J., Rollin, S. A., Potts, I., Gutierrez, R., & Choi, K. et al. (2006). The association between bullying dynamics and psychological distress. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(2), 277-282.
  57. Delfabbro, P., Winefield, T., Trainor, S., Dollard, M., Anderson, S., Metzer, J., & Hammarstrom, A. (2006). Peer and teacher bullying/victimization of South Australian secondary school students: prevalence and psychosocial profiles. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 76(1), 71-90.
  58. Currie C. et al., (Eds.) (2008). Inequalities in young people's health: HBSC international report from the 2005/2006 Survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No. 5. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe.
  59. Currie C. et al., (Eds.) (2008). Inequalities in young people's health: HBSC international report from the 2005/2006 Survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No. 5. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe.
  60. Dussich, J. P., & Maekoya, C. (2007). Physical child harm and bullying-related behaviors: A comparative study in Japan, South Africa, and the United States. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 51, 495-509.
  61. Kshirsagar, V Y. Agarwal, Rajiv. Bavdekar, Sandeep B. (2007). Bullying in schools: prevalence and short-term impact. Indian Pediatrics, 44, 25-28.
  62. Li, Q. (2007a). Bullying in the new playground: Research into cyberbullying and cyber victimization. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 23, 435-454.
  63. Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2007). Prevalence and frequency of internet harassment investigation: Implications for adolescent health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, 189-195.
  64. Ybarra, M. L., Mitchell, K. J., Wolak, J., Finkelhor, D. (2006). Examining characteristics and associated distress related to Internet harassment: Findings from the Second Youth Internet Safety Survey. Pediatrics, 118(4), e1169-77.
  65. Delfabbro, P., Winefield, T., Trainor, S., Dollard, M., Anderson, S., Metzer, J., & Hammarstrom, A. (2006). Peer and teacher bullying/victimization of South Australian secondary school students: Prevalence and psychosocial profiles. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(Pt 1), 71-90.
  66. Peskin, M. F., Tortolero, S. R., Markham, C. M., Addy, R. C., & Baumler, E. R. (2007). Bullying and victimization and internalizing symptoms among low-income Black and Hispanic students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 40(4), 372-5.
  67. Arseneault, L., Walsh, E., Trzesniewski, K., Newcombe, R., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: A nationally representative cohort study. Pediatrics, 118(1), 130-8.
  68. Gruber, J. E., & Fineran, S. (2007). The impact of bullying and sexual harassment on middle and high school girls. Violence Against Women, 13(6), 627-643.
  69. Kim, Y. S., Koh, Y., & Leventhal, B. (2005). School bullying and suicidal risk in Korean middle school students. Pediatrics, 115(2), 357-63.
  70. Glew, G. M., Fan, M., Katon, W., Rivara, F. P., Kernic, M. A. (2005). Bullying, psychosocial adjustment, and academic performance in elementary school. Archives of Pediatrics, & Adolescent Medicine, 159(11), 1026-31.
  71. Nansel, T. R., Craig, W., Overpeck, M. D., Saluja, G., & Ruan, W. J., & Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Bullying Analyses Working Group. (2004). Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment. Archives of Pediatrics, & Adolescent Medicine, 158(8), 730-6.
  72. Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at
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  73. Beran, T., & Li, Q. (2005). Cyber-harassment: A new method for an old behavior. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 32, 265–277.
  74. Newman, M. L., Holden, G. W., & Delville, Y. (2005). Isolation and the stress of being bullied. Journal of Adolescence, 28(3), 343-57.
  75. Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004b). Youth engaging in online harassment: associations with caregiver-child relationships, Internet use, and personal characteristics. Journal of Adolescence, 27(3), 319-36.
  76. Mitchell, K. J., Ybarra, M., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). The relative importance of online victimization in understanding depression, delinquency, and substance use. Child Maltreatment, 12, 314-324.
  77. Raskauskas, J., & Stoltz, A. D. (2007). Involvement in traditional and electronic bullying among adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 43, 564-575.
  78. Dao, T. K., Kerbs, J. J., Rollin, S. A., Potts, I., Gutierrez, R., Choi, K., Creason, A., Wolf, A., & Prevatt, F. (2006). The association between bullying dynamics and psychological distress. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(2), 277-282.
  79. Ybarra, M. L. (2004). Linkages between depressive symptomology and internet harassment among young regular internet users. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7, 247-257.
  80. Sourander, A., Jensen, P., Ronning, J. A., Niemela, S., Helenius, H., Sillanmaki, L., Kumpulainen, K., Piha, J., Tamminen, T., Moilanen, I., & Almqvist, F. (2007). What is the early adulthood outcome of boys who bully or are bullied in childhood? The Finnish "From a Boy to a Man" study. Pediatrics, 120(2), 397-404.
  81. Friedman, M. S., Koeske, G. F., Silvestre, A. J., Korr, W. S., & Sites, E. W. (2006). The impact of gender-role nonconforming behavior, bullying, and social support on suicidality among gay male youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38(5), 621-623.
  82. Park, H. S., Schepp, K. G., Jang, E. H., & Koo, H. Y. (2006). Predictors of suicidal ideation among high school students by gender in South Korea. Journal of School Health, 76(5), 181-8.
  83. Rivers, I. (2004). Recollections of bullying at school and their long-term implications for lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. Crisis: Journal of Crisis Intervention, & Suicide, 25(4), 169-75.
  84. Campbell, M. L. C., & Morrison, A. P. (2007). The relationship between bullying, psychotic-like experiences and appraisals in 14-16-year olds. Behaviour research and therapy, 45(7), 1579-1591.
  85. Fekkes, M., Pijpers, F. I. M., & Verloove-Vanhorick, S. P. (2004). Bullying behavior and associations with psychosomatic complaints and depression in victims. Journal of Pediatrics. 144(1):17-22
  86. Kshirsagar, V. Y., Agarwal, R., & Bavdekar, S. B. (2007). Bullying in schools: Prevalence and short-term impact. Indian Pediatrics. 44(1), 25-8.
  87. Due, P., Holstein, B.E., Lynch, J., Diderichesen, F., Gabhain, S. N., Scheidt, P., Currie, C., & The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Bullying Working Group. (2005). Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: international comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries. European Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 128-132.
  88. Due, P., Hansen, E. H., Merlo, J., Andersen, A., & Holstein, B. E. (2007). Is victimization from bullying associated with medicine use among adolescents? A nationally representative cross-sectional survey in Denmark. Pediatrics. 120(1), 110-7.
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  90. Ybarra, M. L., Diener-West, M., & Leaf, P. J. (2007). Examining the overlap in internet harassment and school bullying: Implications for school intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S42-S50.
  91. Arseneault, L., Walsh, E., Trzesniewski, K., Newcombe, R.,Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. (2006). Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: a nationally representative cohort study. Pediatrics. 118(1):130-8
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  93. Greenberg, L., & Barling, J. (1999). Predicting employee aggression against coworkers, subordinates and supervisors: The roles of person behaviors and perceived workplace factors. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 20, 897–913.
  94. Peskin, M. F., Tortolero, S. R., & Markham, C. M. (2006). Bullying and victimization among Black and Hispanic adolescents. Adolescence, 41(163), 467-484.
  95. Brown, S. L., Birch, D. A., & Kancherla, V. (2005). Bullying perspectives: experiences, attitudes, and recommendations of 9- to 13-year-olds attending health education centers in the United States. Journal of School Health, 75(10), 384-92.
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  97. Baldry, A. C., & Farrington, D. P. (2007). Effectiveness of programs to prevent school bullying. Victims, & Offenders. Special Issue on Early Intervention, 2, 183-204.
  98. Smokowski, P. R., & Kopasz, K. H. (2005). Bullying in school: An overview of types, effects, family characteristics, and intervention strategies. Children, & Schools, 27, 101-110.
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